The valence states of manganese ions and the interactions involving them we
re investigated for xMnO .(100 - x)[Bi2O3 . PbO . As2O3] glasses with 0 < x
less than or equal to 30 mol% by means of the temperature dependence of th
e magnetic susceptibility. Up to x = 5 mol% of both Mn2+ and Mn3+ ions are
evidenced. For higher MnO content (x > 5 mol%), the manganese ions in bival
ent valence state dominate. For the most part, manganese ions participate i
n negative superexchange interactions as MnO content exceeds 3 mol%. (C) 19
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