Virtual endoscopy using perspective volume-rendered three-dimensional sonographic Data: Technique and clinical applications

OBJECTIVE. We present a technique for obtaining three-dimensional external and virtual endoscopy views of organs using perspective volume-rendered gra y-scale and Doppler sonographic data, and we explore potential clinical app lications in the carotid artery, the female pelvis, and the bladder. CONCLUSION. Using the proposed methods, radiologists will find it possible to create virtual endoscopy and external perspective views using sonographi c data. The technique works well, for revealing the interior of fluid-fille d structures and cavities. However, expected improvements in computer perfo rmance and integration with existing sonographic equipment will be necessar y for the technique to become practical in the clinical environment.