Instrumental biosensors: new perspectives for the analysis of biomolecularinteractions

The use of instrumental biosensors in basic research to measure biomolecula r interactions in real time is increasing exponentially. Applications inclu de protein-protein, protein-peptide, DNA-protein, DNA-DNA, and lipid-protei n interactions. Such techniques have been applied to, for example, antibody -antigen, receptor-ligand, signal transduction, and nuclear receptor studie s. This review outlines the principles of two of the most commonly used ins truments and highlights specific operating parameters that will assist in o ptimising experimental design, data generation, and analysis. BioEssays 21: 339-352, 1999. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.