Over the past few decades, refined cognitive architectures with highly spec
ific components have been proposed to explain apparently selective disorder
s of reading, resulting from brain disease or injury, in previously literat
e adults. Recent analysis of the more general linguistic and cognitive abil
ities supported by neural systems damaged in the various forms of alexia fa
vours a rather different view of reading and the kinds of models sufficient
to account for its acquisition, skilled performance and disruption.