Combined osteolathyric effects of beta-aminopropionitrile and penicillamine on Xenopus embryos: Statistical comparison with dose-addition and independence

The combined osteolathyric effects of beta-aminopropionitrile (beta APN) an d penicillamine (PNC) on developing Xenopus embryos were determined and com pared with theoretical effects for the dose-addition and independence model s. The testing protocol utilized a 1.2-factor matrix design that generated two single chemical and seven mixture concentration-response curves within 36 treatments. Testing was for 96-h with daily solution removal and replace ment. The chi (2) goodness-of-Jit test was used to compare experimental res ponses with theoretical responses. Response curve analyses indicated, in ge neral, a combined effect between that expected for dose-addition and that f or independence, which is a combined effect typical of chemicals acting dis similarly.