Critical heat flux in subcooled water flow of one-side-heated screw tubes

The purpose of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) divertor, which is located at the bottom of the vacuum vessel, is to exhaus t impurities and their power from the plasma. Divertor plates function to w ithstand and to remove a steady-state surface heat flux of 5 MW/m(2) and a transient peak heat flux up to 20 MW/m(2) for 10 s on the side that faces t he plasma. These demanding heat loads require active cooling by a pressuriz ed subcooled flow of water as well as the development of a high-performance cooling channel to avoid burnout. Previous experiments showed that a screw tube, which is a tube whose inner surface is machined like a nut, is an ef ficient means of removing high heat fluxes. New experiments have been carri ed out with a B 0205 M10 type of screw copper tube. The average inner diame ter, i.e., at the midheight of the fin, is 10 mm, and the outer diameter is 14 mm. Different pitches have been investigated: 1.5, 1.25, 1, and 0.75 mm . Incident critical heat fluxes (ICHFs) between 25 and 47 MW/m(2) have been reached for local pressures ranging from 0.9 to 2.2 MPa, inlet temperature s from 17 to 33 degrees C, and axial velocities from 3.6 to 14 m/s. ICHF in creases as axial velocity increases and depends slightly on local pressure. Experimental results confirm the potentialities of the screw tube as a rel iable geometry for fusion cooling tubes.