OBJECTIVE: To es,evaluate the significance of X-chromosome abnormalities id
entified in a series of women with premature ovarian failure (POF).
STUDY DESIGN: Karyotypes were reviewed for ail women referred to our cytoge
netic laboratory over a five-year interval with the diagnosis of POF. Thirt
y women aged less than 40 with unexplained secondary amenorrhea and elevate
d follicle-stimulating hormone were included.
RESULTS: Of the 30 patients, 26 had a normal karyotype and 4 showed the fol
lowing X-chromosome abnormalities: 46,Xi(Xq), 45,X/46,XX mosaic, 46,X,der(X
)t(X;Y)(q28;q12) mat and 46,X,t(X;5)(q22;q11.2) mat. In the two families wi
th familial translocations, carrier females within each family showed consi
derable variability in age at onset of menopause.
CONCLUSION: Both familial and nonfamilial X-chromosome abnormalities can be
identified in women with POF. Cytogenetic studies should not be limited to
those patients with very-early-onset POF.