The transcript notation used in this book, and in conversation analytic res
earch more generally, has been developed by Gall Jefferson. It is a system
that continues to evolve in response to current research interests, and for
some of the chapters included in the present collection it has been necess
ary to incorporate symbols for representing various non-vocal activities, s
uch as gaze, gestures, and applause.
Previous experience suggests that it is useful to group symbols with refere
nce to the phenomena they represent.