H. Norenberg et Jh. Harding, Formation of highly ordered Ca-overlayers on TiO2(110) surfaces studied byscanning tunneling microscopy and atomistic simulation, APPL SURF S, 142(1-4), 1999, pp. 174-176
An ordered surface layer of Ca on TiO2(110) has been prepared and studied a
fter annealing of a TiO2-rutile crystal, During the annealing process Ca im
purities from the bulk segregate to the surface. A well ordered p(3 x 1) re
construction has been observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Calc
ulations have shown that the p(3 x 1) reconstruction has the lowest energy.
Every third Ca ion in the [001] direction is elevated by around 1 Angstrom
. Therefore, the STM contrast is mainly due to calcium and caused by geomet
ry rather than electronic effects. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All right
s reserved.