Athletic trainers are continually bombarded with requests to assist aquatic
athletes with the management of musculoskeletal concerns involved with tra
ining and overtraining. The trainer has options for initial training manage
ment through the administration of massage, cryotherapy, thermotherapy, and
injury-preventative strengthening exercises. This article describes and il
lustrates athletic training techniques such as massage, cryotherapy or cold
applications, thermotherapy or heat applications, and proprioceptive neuro
muscular facilitation or strengthening exercise.