Handling small unobservable pockets in state estimation process

Most power systems have pockets where not all flows and injects are measure d and therefore, a part of the system is not observable. The manner in whic h these pockets are handled during the state estimation process may make a significant difference in the outcome of the state estimation. This paper a ddresses the problems arising from such small pockets in a power system and provides a method for handling small pockets. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S. A. All rights reserved.