Benzodiazepine use among the elderly in the community

Benzodiazepines are the most commonly prescribed psychotropic drug in the e lderly. Benzodiazepines with a long duration of action can produce marked s edation and psychomotor impairment in older people, and are associated with an increased risk of hip fracture and of motor vehicle crash. One thousand seven hundred and one individuals of 65 years and over, identified from Ge neral Practitioner lists, were interviewed using the Geriatric Mental State -AGECAT package and current psychotropic drug use was recorded. Benzodiazep ines were classified as having a short or long elimination half-life. Two h undred and ninety-five (17.3%) individuals were taking a benzodiazepine, wi th use in females being twice that in males. Of the 295, 152 (51.5%) were t aking a long acting benzodiazepine and the use of long acting anxiolytic ty pe benzodiazepines was particularly common. Fifty-two (17.6%) benzodiazepin e users were taking one or more other psychotropic drugs. A benzodiazepine was used by eight of 18 (44.4%) subjects with an anxiety disorder, 62 of 18 0 (34.4%) individuals with depression, and seven of 71 (9.9%) people with d ementia. Four-fifths of older people on a psychotropic drug were taking a b enzodiazepine, highlighting the importance of this class of drug in the eld erly population. The choice of a benzodiazepine with a long duration of act ion, which have been shown to be associated with serious adverse events in the elderly in over one half of benzodiazepine users, is of concern. The po tential for adverse effects was further accentuated by polypharmacy practic es. The choice of benzodiazepine for an older person has important conseque nces and should be addressed in greater detail with primary care. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.