G. Bloch et A. Hefetz, Reevaluation of the role of mandibular glands in regulation of reproduction in bumblebee colonies, J CHEM ECOL, 25(4), 1999, pp. 881-896
Possible pheromonal control of worker reproduction was tested in Bombus ter
restris. The mode of assay included exposure of callow workers to extracts
originating from different queen parts and measuring the effect on the in v
itro biosynthesis of juvenile hormone (JH), the apparent gonadotropin in th
is species. Both queen total body extracts applied to dummies consisting of
oven-dried or Soxhlet-washed virgin queen bodies and cuticular washes appl
ied to living virgin queens effectively inhibited the biosynthesis of JH in
callow workers. None of the five exocrine glands (mandibular, hypopharynge
al, salivary, Dufour's, and tarsal) demonstrated inhibitory activity. Likew
ise, the use of synthetic 3-hydroxy acids, found in queen mandibular glands
, were ineffective in blocking JH biosynthesis in queenless workers. The re
sults suggest that the queen may use a primer pheromone spread on me epicut
icle as a means to inhibit worker reproduction. However, our results are no
t consistent with the prevailing hypothesis that in B. terrestris the main
source of the pheromone that inhibits worker reproduction is in the queen's
mandibular glands.