N. Mizoshita et al., Smectic liquid-crystalline physical gels. Anisotropic self-aggregation of hydrogen-bonded molecules in layered structures, CHEM COMMUN, (9), 1999, pp. 781-782
Smectic liquid-crystalline states have been successfully gelled by low mole
cular weight hydrogen-bonded molecules and anisotropic fibrous aggregates o
f the gelling agents are obtained when the sol-gel transition occurs within
the smectic temperature range.