Removal of toxic metals from aqueous mixtures. Part 1: Biosorption

The biosorption of toxic metals from an aqueous mixture containing zinc, co pper and nickel, in the presence of calcium and sodium ions (usual co-exist ing cations in related systems) has been investigated. Industrial biomass s amples of different origin have been examined batchwise as effective sorben ts, including bacteria (Streptomyces rimosus), fungi (Penicillium chrysogen um) and yeasts (Saccharomyces carlsbergensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The effect of solution pH was evaluated in the range of 3-11.5. Selectivit y was observed, particularly for the removal of copper. The observed remova l of metals by the application of biosorption was also compared in laborato ry experiments with other more conventional separation techniques (filtrati on, centrifugation and flotation). (C) 1999 Society of Chemical Industry.