We consider a probabilistic quantum implementation of a variation of t
he Pocklington-Lehmer N - 1 primality test using Shor's algorithm. O(l
og(3) N log log N log log log N) elementary q-bit operations are requi
red to determine the primality of a number N, making it (asymptoticall
y) the fastest known primality test. Thus, the potential power of quan
tum mechanical computers is once again revealed.