Vi. Volk et al., Extraction of uranium and thorium with tributyl phosphate from acid solutions containing fluoride and nitrate anions, RADIOCHEMIS, 41(2), 1999, pp. 120-123
The relationships in extraction of HNO3, Th, and U with TBP in the presence
of HF were studied. It was found that the extraction constants of nitric a
nd hydrofluoric acids are similar, and therefore these acids can displace e
ach other from the organic phase. Unlike uranium, thorium extraction consid
erably decreases with increasing HF concentration because of the stronger t
horium complexation with fluoride anions in the aqueous phase.