B. Helffer et al., Nodal sets for groundstates of Schrodinger operators with zero magnetic field in non simply connected domains, COMM MATH P, 202(3), 1999, pp. 629-649
We investigate nodal sets of magnetic Schrodinger operators with zero magne
tic field, acting on a non simply connected domain in R-2. For the case of
circulation 1/2 of the magnetic vector potential around each hole in the re
gion, we obtain a characterisation of the nodal set, and use this to obtain
bounds on the multiplicity of the groundstate. For the case of one hole an
d a fixed electric potential, we show that the first eigenvalue takes its h
ighest value for circulation 1/2.