In order to test the hypothesis that the forebrain is involved in controlli
ng acoustically guided behaviour, we carried out behavioural studies in com
bination with brain lesions, neuroanatomical and electrophysiological exper
iments in males and females of different species of frogs. Whereas the dors
omedial pallium plays no or only a minor role, the striatum, the septum, an
d the preoptic area potentially influence the behaviour because they send p
arallel descending projections to different premotor and motor networks in
the brainstem. These parallel projections may be the basis for the variabil
ity seen in the behaviour.