Endotoxin is a potent stimulator of the inflammatory response and is believ
ed to initiate the pathology in Gram-negative sepsis. Agents are being deve
loped that bind and neutralize or block the effects of endotoxin, with the
goal of improving outcome in the treatment of sepsis. Strategies discussed
in this article include anti-LPS antibodies, LPS binding proteins and lipop
roteins, poly myxin B conjugates, Lipid A analogues, and extracorporeal tec
hniques for endotoxin removal.