Recent developments of palladium(0) catalyzed reactions in aqueous medium

Palladium cross-coupling reactions: Heck, Sonogashira, Tsuji-Trost, Suzuki, Stille as well as protecting group chemistry in aqueous media are presente d. The excellent compatibility of water-soluble palladium catalysts offer n ew opportunities (mild conditions, new selectivity). In most of the reactio n catalyzed by palladium in water described in this review, careful selecti on of reaction conditions, co-solvents and catalysts, is very important for long life catalyst and new selectivities. The palladium catalyzed reaction s with water-soluble phosphines (e.g. sulfonated phosphines) provide advant ages of the two phase aqueous system: easy separation of the products and r ecycling the expensive palladium. This technique has increased the potentia l of modern palladium catalysis. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.