An unusual case of embolic stroke: A permanent ventricular pacemaker lead entirely within the arterial system documented by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography

A pacemaker lead in the left ventricle is a rare complication of implantati on. Recognition of this complication, is important because thromboembolic e vents are associated. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of a pati ent who had a permanent pacemaker implanted via the left subclavian artery to the left ventricle, which is documented by electrocardiography, chest ra diography, thoracic echocardiography, and transesophageal echocardiography.