Thevenin source resistances of the touch, transferred and step voltages ofa grounding system

The source resistances for surface voltages (touch, transferred and step vo ltage) are considered. It is proved that the source resistances of the touc h and transferred voltages are the same, given by the grounding resistances between the feet of a human and the grounding system. In a practical situa tion, however, this resistance is very close to that of the ANSI/IEEE Stand ard 80 that is widely accepted. The source resistance of the step voltage i s simply the resistance between the two feet, not at all perturbed by the g rounding system. Proofs are derived rigorously by combining the field Galer kin's moment method and basic circuit theory.