Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV and syphilis and associated risk behaviours in male transvestites (Hijras) in Karachi, Pakistan

In Pakistan, male sex workers are predominantly transvestites and transsexu als known as Hijras. In 1998 in Karachi, Pakistan, we studied the seropreva lence of HIV, HBsAg and syphilis and associated risk factors in Hijras. Stu dy subjects were verbally administered a structured questionnaire that dete rmined risk behaviours for sexually transmitted and blood-borne diseases an d knowledge of AIDS/STDs. After pre-test counselling, verbal consent was ta ken for serological testing. The results were provided on a one-on-one post -test counselling session. Three hundred male transvestites were approached ; all agreed to answer the questionnaire, 208 consented to blood testing. O f 300, 81% acknowledged commercial sex with men. Of 208, prevalence of syph ilis was 37%; HBsAg 3.4%; HIV 0%. The prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B vir us (HBV) is low in transvestite sex workers but that of syphilis is high. I ntervention programmes implemented at this stage can have an impact on HIV and STD prevention.