We have constructed reliable finite difference methods for approximating th
e solution to Maxwell's equations using accurate discrete analogs of differ
ential operators that satisfy the identities and theorems of vector and ten
sor calculus in discrete form. The numerical approximation does nor have sp
urious modes and mimics many fundamental properties of the underlying physi
cal problem including conservation laws, symmetries in the solution, and th
e nondivergence of particular vector fields. Numerical examples demonstrate
the high quality of the method when the medium is strongly discontinuous a
nd for nonorthogonal, nonsmooth computational grids.