Use of a theloscopic triangulation technique for endoscopic treatment of teat obstructions in cows

A method for endoscopic resection of obstructing tissue in the area of the teat canal opening into the teat sinus, using a triangulation technique, wa s developed. Benefits of this approach, compared with existing methods, inc lude excellent observation of obstructing tissue, ease of manipulation of t issue flaps by use of a probe introduced through the teat canal, and precis e excision of obstructing tissue by use of a pair of scissors introduced th rough an instrument portal. Outcomes for 12 cows treated with this techniqu e were determined 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery. Three or more months after surgery, outcome was excellent in 10 of 12 cows, and 11 owners would opt for use of the procedure for other valuable cows in their herds.