Combined coccolith, foraminiferal, and biomarker reconstruction of paleoceanographic conditions over the past 120 kyr in the northern North Atlantic (59 degrees N, 23 degrees W)

We present data for North Atlantic core Biogeochemical Ocean Flux Study (BO FS) 16K (59 degrees N, 23 degrees W, water depth 2370 m) including coccolit h flora, partial derivative(18)O, planktonic foraminiferal sea surface temp eratures (SSTs) by FA20 and SIMMAX methods, and alkenone-based U-37(K) and U-37(K) SSTs. A good correlation exists between the abundances of cold wate r coccolith species and foraminifera, and a broad correlation exists betwee n coccolith and alkenone abundances except in the Holocene. Reworked Cretac eous coccoliths at the Last Glacial Maximum are coincident with warm deviat ions of the U-37(K) signal. Assessment of various calibrations of U-37(K) a nd U-37(K) with paleotemperature shows the inappropriateness of a global co rrelation. We have produced a North Atlantic U-37(K) calibration on the bas is of North Atlantic data alone (U-37(K) =0.026T+0.186), which produces SST data for summer season at 0 m water depth, comparable to the warm season f oraminiferal SSTs, except during the intervals 26-36, 58-65, and 100-120 ka when the alkenones indicate somewhat cooler surface waters.