An X-band miniaturized traveling-wave tube (TWT) using a Spindt field emitt
er array (FEA) cathode was built. The FEA cathode has 542,000 molybdenum ti
ps in an emission area 1.2 nun in diameter. It also has a trench current-li
miter that shows low resistance in normal operation.A saturation output pow
er of 28.2 W1 a saturation power gain of 40 dB, and a beam transmission rat
io of more than 99.3% have been achieved at a frequency of 11.5 GHz under 3
% duty ratio. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.