Long pulse biphasic electrical stimulation of denervated muscle

In recent years a number of studies have employed long pulse biphasic stimu lation as a treatment for denervated muscle to improve tissue quality and i n some cases to improve contractile capability sufficient to restore functi on. However, in the U.K., this treatment is yet to be widely adopted clinic ally. A 5 subject, case based pilot study of long pulse biphasic direct sti mulation of peripheral limb denervated muscle is being conducted and its ef fect on the tissue evaluated by measurement of muscle bulk, limb blood flow , and skin temperature. In cases of partial denervation, trapezoidal shaped pulses are used to minimize sensory and motor nerve fiber recruitment.