Death on the waiting list for cardiac surgery in the Netherlands in 1994 and 1995

Objective-To describe the causes and circumstances of death regarding patie nts who died in 1994 and 1995 while on a waiting list for cardiac surgery i n the Netherlands. Design-Retrospective multicentre case study. Setting-11 Dutch cardiac surgery centres. Patients-All patients reported as dying while on the waiting List for cardi ac surgery in 1994 and 1995. Main outcome measures-Classification of death by an independent adjudicatio n committee into "erroneously reported", "waiting list related" or "not wai ting list related". Death was judged as "waiting list related" if the clini cal course would have been substantially different if there had been unrest ricted surgical capacity. Results-138 and 129 deaths were reported in 1994 and 1995, respectively. 43 deaths (16%) were considered as erroneously reported. 181 of the remaining 224 cases were adjudicated as waiting list related. Median time from accep tance for surgery to death was 35 days (interquartile range 14-75 days). 97 of 181 deaths occurred within six weeks following addition to the waiting list. The estimated incidence of death ranged from 1.33 per 1000 patient-we eks during weeks 2-4 to 0.68 per 1000 patient-weeks after 12 weeks. Conclusions-The causes and circumstances of death are waiting list related for approximately 100 patients per year in the Netherlands. At least half o f the deaths may occur within the first six weeks. Waiting lists for cardia c surgery engender high risks for the patients involved.