Pulmonary stenosis and severe biventricular dysfunction: Improvement following percutaneous valvuloplasty

A 15-year-old boy with severe pulmonary stenosis associated with severe rig ht and left ventricular systolic dysfunction is reported. After successful percutaneous pulmonary valvuloplasty, there was an initial and early improv ement in right ventricular (RV) function, followed by a delayed and more gr adual improvement in left ventricular (LV) function. At long-term follow up , both RV and LV systolic functions were nearly normalized. Several mechani sms may be implicated, including ventricular interdependence, geometric fac tors, altered compliance and intrinsic alteration in the LV muscle. A delay ed, but sustained, improvement in LV systolic function following relief of RV pressure overload suggests that the latter mechanism must have played an important role in the genesis of the LV dysfunction. Pulmonary stenosis as sociated with severe biventricular dysfunction may be treated primarily by percutaneous pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty with near-total recovery of th e ventricular function.