The hypothesis of an Altaic language family, comprising the Turkic, Mongoli
c, Tungusic, Korean and, in most recent versions, Japanese languages contin
ues to be a viable linguistic proposal, despite various published claims th
at it is no longer accepted. A strong body of research continues to appear,
developing and refining the hypothesis, along with publications that argue
against a demonstrated relationship among these languages. This paper show
s that many of the arguments against a genetic relationship fail to address
the criteria demanded in modern historical linguistics, while many of the
responses from proponents of the Altaic theory have failed to address the c
riticisms raised. We hope that arguments focusing on the real issues of pho
nological correspondences and morphological systems will shed greater light
on the relationship among these languages.