Application of the degenerated timoshenko beam element using the adaptively shifted integration technique to elastic-plastic analyses considering large displacements rotations

Appropriate positions of plastic hinges can be evaluated by using the adapt ively shifted integration (ASI) technique in the elastic-plastic analyses o f framed structures. In this paper, the ASI technique is applied to the deg enerated Timoshenko beam element developed by Dvorkin et al., which is cons idering the effect of large rotational displacements. By slightly modifying the shape functions of the Dvorkin's element, the effect of large rotation s can be precisely taken into account even when the ASI technique is used. Therefore, precise rigid body rotation about a plastic hinge can be represe nted by the proposed element. Stresses at the hinge are also evaluated appr opriately.