Inborn errors of neurotransmitter receptors are recently described gene mut
ations that directly affect receptor function. Currently three conditions a
re known to be caused by this mechanism: hyperekplexia; two forms of congen
ital inherited myasthenic syndromes; and autosomal dominant nocturnal front
al lobe epilepsy. Here, neurotransmitters, their receptors and known inborn
errors of receptor function are reviewed.