Long-distance Bell-type experiments are presented. The different experiment
al challenges and their solutions in order to maintain the strong quantum c
orrelations between energy-time entangled photons over more than 10 km are
reported and the results analyzed from the point of view of tests of fundam
ental physics as well as from the more applied side of quantum communicatio
n, especially quantum key distribution. Tests using more than one analyzer
on each side are also presented. [S1050-2947(99)00506-5].