In this paper Russian Symbolist philosophy is represented primarily by Viac
heslav Ivanov (1866-1949), but its conclusions are intended to be valid for
other philosophers we classify as Symbolist, including Nikolai Berdiaev an
d S. L. Frank. It is posited that, by comparing Ivanov's cosmology, aesthet
ics, and anthropology to those of Martin Heidegger, one can reconceive of S
ymbolist philosophy as an existential hermeneutic. This, it is claimed, can
help to identify a common basis among the Symbolist philosophers, and also
to place Russian thought in the context of modern European philosophy and
vice versa.