The newly emerging Australian bat lyssavirus causes rabieslike disease in b
ats and humans. A captive juvenile black flying fox exhibited progressive n
eurologic signs, including sudden aggression, vocalization, dysphagia, and
paresis over 9 days and then died. At necropsy, lyssavirus infection was di
agnosed by fluorescent antibody test, immunoperoxidase staining, polymerase
chain reaction, and virus isolation. Eight human contacts received postexp
osure vaccination.