Aggressive primary mediastinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: a study of 29 cases

Aggressive primary mediastinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) represent a pa rticular entity among intrathoracic neoplasms, Twenty-nine patients with pr imary mediastinal aggressive NHL diagnosed and treated in the author's inst itution were studied. According to the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification, there were 15 diffuse large B-cell, eight T-lymphoblastic, four anaplastic, one large T-cell and one Burkitt's lymphomas. The study group consisted of 14 females and 15 males,,vith a mean age of 38 yrs, Symptoms arose from an aggressive anterior mediastinal mass, with a high prevalence of superior v ena caval syndrome, pleural, and pericardial effusions, At the time of diag nosis, disease was confined to supradiaphragmatic areas in 24 patients, whi le subdiaphragmatic nodal or extranodal involvement was also present in fiv e. All patients received a combination of aggressive chemotherapy regimens, ma inly according to the French protocols for the treatment of NHL, A chest ra diograph response of <50% after the first course of chemotherapy and failur e to achieve a complete remission after the first line of chemotherapy were significantly associated with unfavourable prognosis. Overall 5-yr and 9-y r survival rates were 55 and 48%, respectively. Patients properly diagnosed and treated with a combined modality of chemoth erapy can experience prolonged survival.