Post-fire soil nitrogen content and vegetation composition in Sub-Boreal spruce forests of British Columbia's central interior, Canada

Forest fires are known to influence nutrient cycling, particularly soil nit rogen (N), as well as plant succession in northern forest ecosystems. Howev er, few studies have addressed the dynamics of soil N and its relationship to vegetation composition after fire in these forests. To investigate soil N content and vegetation establishment after wildfire, 13 sites of varying age class were selected in the Sub-Boreal spruce zone of the central interi or of British Columbia, Canada. Sites varied in time since the last forest fire and were grouped into three seral age classes: (a) early-seral (<14 ye ars), (b) mid-seral (50-80 years) and (c) late-semi (>140 years). At each s ite, we estimated the percent cover occupied by trees, shrubs, herbs and mo sses. In addition, the soil samples collected from the forest floor and min eral horizons were analyzed for the concentrations of total N, mineralizabl e N, available NO3--N and available NH4+-N. Results indicated that soil N i n both the forest floor and mineral horizons varied between the three seral age classes following wildfire. Significant differences in mineralizable N , available NO3--N and available NH4+-N levels with respect to time indicat ed that available soil N content changes after forest fire. Percent tree an d shrub cover was significantly correlated to the amount of available NH4+- N and mineralizable N contents in the forest floor. In the mineral horizons , percent tree cover was significantly correlated to the available NH4+-N, while herb cover was significantly correlated with available NO3--N. Moss c over was significantly correlated with total N, available NO3--N and minera lizable N in the forest floor and available NO3--N in the mineral horizons. We identified several unique species of shrubs and herbs for each seral ag e class and suggest that plant species are most likely influencing the soil N levels by their contributions to the chemical composition and physical c haracteristics of the organic matter. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All ri ghts reserved.