The frequency of extra-pair paternity was studied in a population of Coal T
its Parus ater using DNA fingerprinting technique. High values were obtaine
d: 15 of the 20 broods investigated (75%) contained at least one nestling s
ired by an extra-pair male and overall 40 of 158 nestlings (25.3%) were ext
ra-pair young. Inter- and intraspecific comparisons revealed that breeding
density cannot explain this high frequency of extra-pair paternity in Coal
Tits.