Background: Because radiotherapy is one of the causes of primary or seconda
ry ovarian failure, protection of ovarian functions in the patients receivi
ng total body or pelvic radiotherapy is of importance. In this study, we in
vestigated the role of melatonin in the oxidative damage in both whole body
and ovaries, which is caused by radiotherapy.
Materials and Methods: Eighteen female rats were divided into 3 groups, eac
h of which consisted of 6 rats. First group was control group receiving no
treatment, second group received total body radiotherapy (RT) by 2 x 360 cG
y only and third group received radiotherapy plus melatonin. Malondialdehyd
e (MDA) levels in both blood and ovarian tissue were detected as the indica
tor of free radical (FR) damage. Levels of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and glutathion peroxidase (GPX) in blood were measured as the indica
tors of antioxidant level.
Results: Radiotherapy caused a significant increase in the levels of MDA in
blood and ovarian tissue (p < 0.001). However, MDA levels decreased in the
radiotherapy plus melatonin group (p < 0.05). SOD and GPX levels decreased
insignificantly in the radiotherapy only group while they increased in the
radiotherapy plus melatonin group significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, re
spectively).
Conclusion: Melatonin, in rats, reduced the level of MDA, which is elevated
by radiotherapy and increased the levels of SOD and GPX, which are involve
d in the antioxidant system.