Deaths in captive Round Island geckos Phelsuma guentheri were associated wi
th fatty change (lipidosis) and cholesterol deposits (xanthomatosis) in int
ernal organs, Changes in husbandry appeared to reduce and, finally, to elim
inate the problem but the exact mechanisms were never identified. The incid
ent illustrates the importance of health monitoring of rare animals that ar
e kept in captivity and the need when necessary to employ expensive techniq
ue such as electronmicroscopy.