Chlamydia trachomatis inoculated by any mucosal route colonized multiple mu
rine mucosae and, in most cases, the spleen, liver, and kidneys. Cell-to-ce
ll transmission, systemic dissemination, and autoinoculation of infectious
fluids may have contributed to chlamydial spread. Intermucosal trafficking
of protective T cells cannot be accurately evaluated by using live chlamydi
al challenges.