Productivity is often too limited in its interpretation. Beyond the traditi
onal belief that productivity is about obtaining higher output from the sam
e physical inputs in the manufacturing system, there is a growing appreciat
ion of the relationship between the producer and the end user. This paper e
xplores a broader definition of productivity that focuses on customer satis
faction, and productivity management approaches that help to align and inte
grate the strategies and operations of the producer with the expectations a
nd satisfaction of the end user.