Population-based and clinical prospective studies have clearly establi
shed plasma fibrinogen levels as an independent risk factor for CHD ev
ents. Cross-sectional analysis further reveals that plasma fibrinogen
levels are independently associated with asymptomatic carotid atherosc
lerosis. Factor VII, Factor VIII, VWF, tPA, PAI-1, and markers of plat
elet activation are potentially associated with CHD events and/or asym
ptomatic atherosclerosis. Recent advances in this field of research ha
s provided an excellent opportunity of studying the causal relationshi
p between hemostatic factors and CHD events.