Large efforts have been undertaken to develop more effective and safer
thrombolytic agents than those currently used in clinical practice, I
n addition, the value of adjunctive agents influencing thrombotic and
thrombolytic processes could be shown and newer agents are under activ
e investigation. This review focuses on theoretical and practical aspe
cts of optimizing thrombolytic therapy and mainly on genetically engin
eered, third generation plasminogen activators. Optimized thrombolytic
therapy may make this form of therapy available to patients that are
currently considered ineligible and it will lead to earlier, more comp
lete reperfusion of infarct-related coronary arteries. The benefits an
d risks of optimized thrombolytic regimens relative to mechanical repe
rfusion strategies will have to be constantly reassessed as both forms
of treatment develop.