T. Reichert et al., Cheesecake and beefcake: No matter how you slice it, sexual explicitness in advertising continues to increase, JOURN MASS, 76(1), 1999, pp. 7-20
Previous research revealed that sexually oriented appeals in American adver
tising had become increasingly explicit through the mid-1980s. This study u
pdates earlier research by assessing images of women and men in magazine ad
s in 1983 and 1993. Results show that both genders were portrayed move expl
icitly and through more sexually intimate contact in 1993. Women were three
times more likely than men to be portrayed explicitly, but for the first t
ime, images of men were shown to be more explicit in the 1990s, albeit in s
maller numbers than women. Portrayals of women and men were most explicit i
n women's and men's magazines.