Models are presented for the Ly alpha emission of dusty high-redshift galax
ies by combining the Press-Schechter formalism with a treatment of the inho
mogeneous dust distribution inside galaxies. It is found that the amount of
Ly alpha radiation escaping from the galaxies strongly depends on the time
over which the dust is produced through stellar activity and on the ambien
t inhomogeneity of the H II regions that surround the ionizing OB stars. Go
od agreement is found with recent observations, as well as with previous no
ndetections. Although a detailed determination of the individual model para
meters is precluded by uncertainties, we find that (1) the dust content in
primordial galaxies builds up in no more than similar to 5 x 10(8) yr, (2)
the galactic H II regions are inhomogeneous with a cloud-covering factor of
order unity, and (3) the overall star formation efficiency is at least sim
ilar to 5%. It is predicted that future observations can detect these Ly al
pha galaxies up to redshifts of similar to 8. If the universe is reionized
at z(r) less than or similar to 8, the corresponding decline in the number
of Ly alpha emitters at z greater than or similar to z(r) could prove to be
a useful probe of the reionization epoch.