Aqueous-organic solvent heterophase hydroformylation of olefins in the presence of novel rhodium complexes based on N-containing polymers

The mechanism of modification of rhodium carbonyl complexes by polycations with diallyl structure was studied in hydroformylation of hexene-1 under th e conditions of two-phase catalysis (water-organic solvent). The hydrophili c-hydrophobic balance of the system can be controlled by both the nature of the counter-ion or radical at a nitrogen atom in a quaternary ammonium gro up and the composition of an aqueous phase. In situ IR-spectroscopy showed that the function of the polycation is the stabilization of the catalytical ly active mononuclear anionic and neutral complexes of rhodium. The catalyt ic properties of rhodium complexes immobilized on 4-N-pyrrolidinopyridine p olymers insoluble in organic solvents are studied in hydroformylation of ol efins. The effect of a solvent is found. On the basis of experimental findi ngs, a new technology can be proposed for the synthesis of isovaleraldehyde by isobutylene hydroformylation. Isovaleraldehyde is an intermediate produ ct in the synthesis of the components of cardioactive drugs.