Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a rare embryologic abnormality and can s
ometimes be bilateral. It may be discovered because of a gluteal aneurysm o
r ischemic or embolic complications in the lower limb. The case we report w
as a unilateral type III aneurysm-associated PSA. Since the abnormal artery
may be the only source of blood supply to the lower Limb, a thorough knowl
edge of the artery and its embryologic origins is essential.